Recommended for: Grades 6-12
Resource: Pyrotechnics: It's Elemental
Media Type:
HTML Interactive
Size: 214.0 KB
The list of chemicals used in fireworks has grown dramatically in the 2,000 years since gunpowder was invented. This interactive periodic table from the NOVA Web site highlights some of the elements used most frequently by people who create fireworks, and describes how they're used to create eye-popping effects.
Loading reviews...Teachers' Domain, Pyrotechnics: It's Elemental, published January 29, 2004, retrieved on ,
http://www.teachersdomain.org/resource/phy03.sci.phys.matter.kaboom/
- Background Essay
- Questions for Discussion
- Standards
Print Background EssayTo produce more colorful displays, pyrotechnicians, the people who create fireworks, combine a wide variety of chemical ingredients into a single firework. Because of variations in atomic structure, different atoms give off different wavelengths of light after being heated in a flame. Strontium chloride, for example, burns with a red flame, while barium chloride produces a green flame.
The lifting charge, made of black powder, propels the firework skyward. As it travels higher and higher, a time-delay fuse burns. When the firework reaches its peak, the fuse ignites a charge or charges that blast the firework's "stars" -- individual, jawbreaker-sized pieces made up of these various chemicals -- into the beautiful patterns that audiences have come to expect.
In general, the components of a firework expand evenly when the firework explodes. Therefore, the placement of stars inside a firework determines their arrangement when the firework explodes. For example, a shell loaded with stars made of strontium chloride in the center and barium chloride around the perimeter will produce a flower-like display of red surrounded by green. By varying not just the type of chemical but also the size and configuration of stars used, nearly infinite color and pattern combinations are possible.
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Source: NOVA: "Kaboom!"
This resource can be found on the NOVA: “Kaboom!" Web site.
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