Introduction. A wetland is essentially land that is covered with water or land that has enough water near the surface so that it is waterlogged or moist enough to support aquatic plants. Water levels on wetlands may fluctuate throughout the year depending on seasonal precipitation and evaporation. Vegetation in wetlands is highly dependant on soil conditions, salinity, hydrologic setting, and wave energy. There are five major types of wetlands, which are divided according to hydrology, soil type, and plant types.
Wetlands are great sources of biodiversity with a wide range of animal and plant life. The soils and water within a wetland are often mineral rich and are regarded as a valuable resource. Wetlands are also responsible for purification of water and provide us with a variety of goods.